Impartial-spectator experiments find strong average health inequality aversion with much variation that is unexplained. We examine whether social preferences over own and others’ health can partly explain this variation. We conduct an online experiment, with a UK general public sample (n=903), in which participants allocate resources to determine health of hypothetical individuals. Randomly induced equality-efficiency...

We estimate welfare weights for health to facilitate program evaluation allowing for aversion to health inequality and to health inequity by three non-health characteristics. In a UK general population sample, 569 online experiment participants distribute constrained resources to determine the health of hypothetical individuals distinguished by randomly generated resource productivity as well as sex, income...

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the impact of prenatal temperature exposure on birth outcomes and related health disparities across socioeconomic status (SES) levels.Study designRetrospective study, based on birth registry national data comprising the years 2003–2017.MethodsData on singleton births from the Dutch perinatal registry (N = 2,472,352) were analysed. We measured exposure as the number of days during...

Deprivation payments provide additional per-patient fees to health professionals serving patients in socioeconomically deprived areas. These payments financially compensate for higher workloads in deprived areas, but their effect on health gaps between deprived and non-deprived areas is unknown. We evaluate the effectiveness of this policy instrument by assessing its adoption among Dutch community midwives. Leveraging...

Measuring health disparities is key to monitoring health systems, but hitherto disparities in the individual risk people face about their future health has been neglected. This paper integrates individual health risk into income‐related health inequality measurement. We develop a rank dependent health inequality index that considers inequalities in each individual's expected future health and the...

BackgroundAccording to epidemiological transition theory, cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk shifts down the socioeconomic distribution with economic development.MethodsWe tested this hypothesis using nationally representative data on 88,559 individuals aged 40–80 years from 57 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We used measured risk factors to estimate the 10-year probability of a CVD event (CVD risk) and proxied...

Diverging mortality trends at different ages motivate the monitoring of lifespan inequality alongside life expectancy. Conclusions are ambiguous when life expectancy and lifespan inequality move in the same direction or when inequality measures display inconsistent trends. We propose using nonparametric dominance analysis to obtain a robust ranking of age-at-death distributions. Application to U.S. period life...

Climate and justice are interconnected. However, simply raising ethical issues associated with the links between climate change, technology, and health is insufficient. Rather, policies and practices need to consider ethics ahead of time. If it is only added “after the fact,” policy will be less efficient and opportunities for carbon minimization will be lost. This...

OnderzoeksvraagZijn er verschillen tussen inkomensgroepen in termen van initiële ziekte-ernst, behandeltijd en ziekte-ernst bij het einde van de behandeling, nadat patiënten zijn ingestroomd in de specialistische ggz in Nederland?

We design a novel experiment to identify aversion to pure (univariate) health inequality separately from aversion to income-related and income-caused health inequality. Participants allocate resources to determine health of individuals. Identification comes from random variation in resource productivity and information on income and its causal effect. We gather data (26,286 observations) from a sample of...